Monday, March 31, 2008

Fibonacci Numbers

Help has arrived and Q2b was solved.

This is sequence of (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,...) Fibonacci Numbers.

1 + 1 = 2
1 + 2 = 3
2 + 3 = 5
3 + 5 = 8
5 + 8 = 13
8 + 13 = 21
13 + 21 = 34
21 + 34 = 55, etc

(source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci_number)

Some Challenging Maths Questions

Over the weekend, I was almost driven to crazy by some mathematics questions. Perhaps you may want to crack your brain to try out:

1) Mary is thinking of a number between 300 and 400. When she divides it by 6 or 8, it leaves a reminder of 5. What number is she thinking of?

2) What are the next three numbers for the following:
a) 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, __, __, __
b) 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, __, __, __

I really appreciate some help on the above questions and thanking you in advance.

Saturday, March 29, 2008

Memories At Old Ford Factory

Around mid March, I went to Fort Canning Park to know more about the history of Singapore despite that day was not a great time for excursion due to the wet weather.

http://bungerstar.blogspot.com/2008/03/fort-canning-hill.html

Today, I went to Old Ford Factory located along Upper Bukit Timah Road and to continue my interest in the history of Singapore.

All in all, the British surrender and then the Japanese occupation for 3 years and 8 months have helped to shape today's Singapore in one way or another. Take history as a lesson. If we do not know the past, we would not be able to move forward.

Note that it is FREE ADMISSION till 31 Mar 2008. If you want to save a few dollars, drop by during this weekend.

BTW, I watched the documentary screening "Battle For Singapore" at the AV threatre too. It was $1 per person which was really worth the money.

For more info, please view
http://www.s1942.org.sg/s1942/moff/
http://www.nhb.gov.sg/NAS/NewsAndEvents/Ford+Factory.htm

Smoking Tortoise Found in China

BEIJING (AFP) - - A tortoise that smokes and appears to be addicted to nicotine has been discovered in China's northeastern province of Jilin, state media reported on Thursday.

The animal is the pet of a man, identified by his surname Yun, who is himself a smoker, Xinhua news agency said, quoting a local newspaper.

One day, Yun teased the tortoise by putting a cigarette butt into its mouth, and to his surprise it started to smoke it, according to the news agency.

From then on, he shared his cigarettes with his pet, Xinhua said.

"It seems to have become addicted," Yun was quoted as saying.

"Whenever I smoke in front of it, it will stick its head out of the water and fidget about until I give it the stub."

Yun proved his claim by putting a cigarette in the tortoise's mouth in front the paper's reporter and his neighbours, Xinhua quoted the newspaper as saying.

To everyone's surprise, the tortoise finished it in less than four minutes, the news agency said.

Monkeys have been know to smoke in imitation of human beings, the deputy secretary-general of Jilin's Wildlife Conservation Society told Xinhua.

But he said he had never heard of a tortoise lighting up.

(source: sg.news.yahoo.com/afp/20080327/tts-china-wildlife-offbeat-a73cdd6.html)

My Comments:
Is this doing more harm than good to an animal?

Friday, March 28, 2008

Hailstones hit Braddell Road

STOMPer Patrick said it rained hailstones at his house in the Braddell Road area for about a minute, at about 3.30pm today (Mar 27).

"Photos attached show the hailstones in my garden and some hailstones that we picked up. The largest ones were about 10mm in diameter," said the STOMPer.

STOMP contacted the NEA and this is its reply: "Hailstones form in intense thunderstorm clouds. "Such clouds develop when there is strong convection, which occur all year round in the tropics. "Generally, the hailstones would have been melted before they reach the ground. "However, in the presence of a strong downdraft in an intense thunderstorm, the hailstones can be brought to the ground rapidly without melting.

Hailstones were reported in central Singapore today between 3.15 pm and 3.45pm. The last hailstone incident was reported on 27 Jul 2007.

Thursday, March 27, 2008

2nd workfare payment of $149m to be given out in April 2008

THE second Workfare Income Supplement (WIS) payment totalling $149 million will be given out to workers on April 1, said the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) on Monday.

Together with the first payment in January, some 262,000 workers would have received WIS totalling $272 million for work done in 2007 next month.

The second payment will be both in CPF and cash. The cash portion will be credited into their bank account.

Self-employed persons (SEPs) and informal workers will receive their second WIS payment on May. Those who have yet to register or make their Medisave contributions, may still receive their full WIS in May if they register, declare their income and make their Medisave contributions by March 31, said MOM.

But SEPs and informal workers who declare their income and make their contributions for work done in 2007 after March 31, will receive their WIS after May.

The provisional payment made in January was given to some 287,000 workers, including 54,000 self employed and informal workers.

To facilitate registration and Medisave contributions by SEPs and informal workers, the ministry and the Central Provident Fund Board have been organising community outreach events.

'We encourage SEPs and informal workers earning less than $1,500 per month to register for WIS and enjoy its benefits,' said MOM.

For queries on the WIS scheme, email wis@cpf.gov.sg or call the hotline number at 1800 -2222-888 (Mon-Fri: 8am - 6pm).

(source : www.straitstimes.com/Latest+News/Singapore/STIStory_219982.html)

New motor insurance policy framework to be introduced in May 2008

SINGAPORE: The motor insurance sector has reported a hefty loss of S$103.2 million last year, up from just S$625,000 in 2006.

This "disastrous result" has prompted the General Insurance Association (GIA) to change the motor claims insurance framework.

From May, motorists are required to report accidents to their insurance companies within 24 hours or by the next working day. This is a change from the current requirement of reporting within a "reasonable time", which is open to interpretation.

The GIA said compulsory reporting will leave less room for disputes, especially when a motorist chooses not to report the accident but the other party involved decides to file for claims at a later date.

Derek Teo, President of GIA, said: "If the motorist or policyholder fails to comply then it will be tantamount to a breach in policy conditions. When the policy condition is breached, then the policy holder is put to a disadvantage. He may find that the insurer may not want to honour the liability.

"The motorists can now go to their insurer to file a claim, and if they are not responsible for the damage themselves and they can attribute the claim to a third party, their insurer will file the claim on their behalf. Currently, this is not done."

Insurance companies will offer one—stop service from filing of claims to providing a replacement car when the damaged vehicle is being repaired at approved workshops.
GIA said each insurance company will have a list of approved workshops which meet the required service and technical standards.

"In the longer term, we will be able to build up credibility and those workshops that receive more than three complaints for poor service or unscrupulous practices may be taken off," Mr Teo said.

It is hoped that such efforts will help expedite the claiming process and reduce losses from inflated claims.

Gross insurance premiums in Singapore’s general insurance sector rose 8.38 percent last year to about S$2.5 billion, but it was overshadowed by the significant underwriting loss in the business, causing profits to slump by 25 percent year on year in 2007.

The S$103.2 million deficit incurred last year was the worst for the sector since 2002. This coincided with a sharp rise in accident reports from 129,428 in 2006 to 151,583 cases last year.
The association said there are several reasons for the spike in accident reports. Among them is an increase in the vehicle population to an all—time high of over 850,000 vehicles last year an 8 percent climb from 2006.

Other reasons cited were greater vehicle usage and a larger number of foreigners who may be unfamiliar with the roads in Singapore.

Asked if this will translate to higher premiums for motorists, the association said premiums are expected to go up but the quantum will be decided by the companies.

On average, claims take up about 85 percent of the motor insurance premiums.

"For this to become a sustainable position, I think we are looking at an overall loss ratio of about 75 percent, which means for every dollar premium they pay, we will pay out 75 cents in claims, leaving the 25 percent for expenses incurred in delivering the product," said Mr Teo.
In other areas, GIA said Workmen’s Compensation cover cut its losses by nearly half from S$13.7 million in 2006 to S$7.8 million last year.

However, the new Work Injury Compensation Act (WICA) that will be implemented this April will have some impact on the market.

The WICA Bill will expand the coverage for all employees, including non—manual employees who earn more than S$1,600 per month.

Mr Teo said: "It’s likely to attract a 35 percent increase in claims cost this is the result of a research that was done by an NTU research team for the association. With such information, it’s clear that there will be increases in premiums to cope with the rising claims cost."
Overall, the association expects other business classes like personal accident, fire, and marine cargo and hull covers to continue to do well this year.

(source: sg.news.yahoo.com/cna/20080326/tap-337363-231650b.html )

UpGrading

Upgrading is commonly heard in Singapore.

Last year, our neighbour X upgraded from his 4 room hdb flat to a 5 room hdb flat, citing extra space needed for his bigger brood. A few weeks ago, another neighbour Y upgraded from her 4 room hdb flat to a 2+1 study private condo in the city area, citing a strong preference of using condo facilities and presence of security guards in the premises.

Upgrading is not only applicable to housing properties, it is applicable in almost everthing. We can upgrade our PC, our tv, our mobile phones, our cars etc.

Are you in the upgrading mode too? Everything comes with a price and before you upgrade, please consider the price-tag that comes along if you can afford to pay.

Saturday, March 22, 2008

AIG Assist™

My brother will be heading Europe for a business trip in May. He asked me to look for a suitable travel insurance plan.

I recommended him AIG Assist™. He was surprised to know that unlike his previous travel plan, this plan covers:
(1) accidents due to taking the public transport in the foreign country (for Premier and Superior Plans only) - section 16,
(2) outpatient and hospitalization medical expenses incurred in the foreign country - section 1,
and many others.

(source: http://www.aig.com.sg/personal/personal_policyhilites.html)

Buying travel insurance when you step out of your country is to have a peace of mind for yourself and your loved ones. Don't leave your home without it. For more information, you can email me at rogerlcf@aia.com.sg for a non-obligation consultation.

Feeling Blue

My best friend, Linn shared something quite personal with me. She was feeling blue over the Easter holidays. She works in a stat board. The amount of performance bonus (PB) and growth bonus (GB) has just been released. She was not getting what she has been expected and thus she was feeling very lousy.

This is a classic case of "expectations not met" which resulted "disappointment, despair, dissatisfaction".

What can I tell her? What should I tell her? Except to continue to work harder in her job and do her very best.

I can understand why she is such disappointed. This is akin to a student who has consistently study hard throughout the year and at the end, her result was just average. Besides feeling the great disappointment, she blamed herself for not being smarter.

In life, we don't know what we would receive in the end. We can only continue to plough harder and HOPE that we would get rewards when the time comes.

For friends who have received more bonuses, rejoice and be glad that you are richly rewarded. For those who are in the same boat as Linn, please don't get too upset as life is never a bed of roses.

Thursday, March 20, 2008

Tuesday, March 18, 2008

What Is An Emergency Fund?

An emergency fund is simply a money market or savings account where you keep a specified amount of money to cover expenses in a real emergency.

A rule of thumb would be 3-6 months of your monthly expenses, to be set aside to be this fund.

Before you embark on building a financial plan, you need to set up an emergency fund, which will act as a cushion and protect you from financial troubles such as out of a job.

I spread out my emergency fund. I have a fixed amount in my savings account which I can withdraw should any real need arises. I have the remaining amount in a money market, which allows me to earn slightly higher interest rate than a normal savings account. However, it would take a couple of working days before I can liquidate it. In addition, there is easy credit from the banks but of course, this would be the last resort due to the hefty interest rate imposed.

Oslo, London, Copenhagen world's top three dearest cities: UBS

GENEVA (AFP) - - Tourists to Europe will have to fork out more as currency fluctuations mean they will be visiting some of the world's most expensive cities, researchers from Swiss bank UBS said Tuesday.

A survey by economists at Swiss bank UBS lists Oslo, London and Copenhagen as the three most costly cities, while Dublin has crept ahead to fourth place.

By contrast, cities in the United States have become cheaper thanks to the weaker US dollar. New York now ranks at just number 18, after cities such as Tokyo, Brussels and Lyon.

"The US dollar's sharp depreciation has made New York a much more affordable place for European shoppers. London is now 26 percent more expensive," noted the researchers.

Among Asian cities, Tokyo is the most expensive, followed by Seoul, Singapore and Hong Kong.

Visitors on a tight budget may wish to pick Kuala Lumpur, Buenos Aires and Mumbai, which are the three cheapest cities for visitors.

However, for residents, it is a slightly different story.

London is the most expensive city after taking rent into consideration, followed by Oslo, Dublin, Copenhagen and New York.

As for those who bring home the most money after taxes, it is the inhabitants of Swiss city Zurich. Excluding housing costs, Zurich residents also have the highest spending power in net wages.

At the other half of the chart, Jakarta residents get the least for the amount of work they put in, followed by residents in Mumbai and Delhi.

(source: http://sg.news.yahoo.com/afp/20080318/tts-switzerland-tourism-wages-survey-c1b2fc3.html )

My Comments:
Time to head to US cities for a shopping spree due to the further weakening of the greenback?
Singapore becomes the third most expensive Asian cities; certainly not a very good news for us who welcome travellers from worldwide.

Cold Snap in S'pore (14 Mar 2008)

TALK about a chill in the air.

Thermostats here are being turned up as Singaporeans throw on sweaters and jackets to beat the 'coldest' March in 74 years: The average temperature so far this month is 25.6 deg C, a tick higher than the 25 deg C in 1934.

Singapore dipped to its coldest of 19.4 deg C on Jan 30, 1934.

On Thursday night, the mercury dipped to 21.8 deg C - about the average day-time temperature in wintry Hong Kong.

The 'cold snap' has resulted in some things one does not typically see - or hear - in Singapore. Children bundled up like Eskimos and office workers coming to work in woollies.
But Solutions architect Sivaram Shunmugam, 29, likes it cool.

'Normally it is hot, humid and uncomfortable. Not now. Finally, a temperature I can live with!' he said.

Neither is Colin Wan, 34, complaining.

'It's like a regular English day. I get to wear winter clothes like my jumpers and cardigans that I thought I would never need in Singapore,' said the advertising executive from Britain who has been living here for five years.

The cool spell stems from the prolonged heavy rain and dense cloud, said Associate Professor Matthias Roth of the National University of Singapore's Department of Geography.

'It's more difficult for sunlight to penetrate the thick cloud cover - so the ground cools after a few days,' he explained.

The freakishly wet weather is due to a strong La Nina effect, explained Dr Roth. Caused by a cycle of cooling air over the Pacific Ocean, the weather phenomenon usually results in cooler, wetter weather.

The National Environment Agency (NEA) says next week will continue to be wet, with moist winds blowing in from the ocean.

(source: http://www.straitstimes.com/print/Latest%2BNews/Singapore/STIStory_216755.html )

Petrol Cost Up Again

Besides the price of Gold continues to climb, the priceof Oil is not spared too.

Following the latest price revision, now a litre of petrol can cost between$2.053 and $2.279. If a car needs a litre of petrol to travel about 15km, then a distance of 45km would costs at least $6, just for the petrol.

If I take the MRT from one end of Singapore to another, the train fare is at most $2. Owning a car in Singapore is getting more and more expensive. I hope that our government can continue to improve on our public transport systems, so that more people would take the public transport than to drive.

Monday, March 17, 2008

The Wedding of Rhyme

On 16th Mar 2008, my family was invited to attend the wedding of my neighbourhood's son, Rhyme.

My closest neighbour is a Malay family and we have been neighbours for more than ten years. During these years, whenever there are any Malay festive seasons, the wife would never fail to cook and bake a lot of Malay dishes. The husband would then bring some dishes to us to eat.

During Chinese New Year, I would surely buy a can of certified Halal cookies for them too.

The wedding banquet was held in a multi-purpose hall located in the heighbourhood. A group of women was involved in cooking food and washing the plates. My neighbour said that they were all his relatives; called upon to help to prepare the feast.

Later, the bride and groom arrived and they sat on the stage. The groom was handsome and the bride looked shy but beautiful. Blessing was given to the new couple and others busy taking photos to catch this precious moment.

I wish Rhyme and Zilah "Everlasting Love".

PERCEPTIONS

I watch tv serial "Made in Singapore" on ch 8 at 9pm weekdays. I enjoy watching it because there are so many scenes which struck a chord with our everyday's encounters.

Mrs Automatc is a typical chacacter which saves and scrimps as much as possible. When she went to Vietnam to find a bride for her son, she packed all the toiletries given in the hotel room. She even asked for more and she said this load could last her for quite some months.

When she held a buffet celebration for her son's wedding, instead of ordering buffet for her invited guests, she ordered only a few pizza. Her guests were utterly disappointed with her behaviour.

While everybody thinks that she is already at the extreme end, I tend to think otherwise. She is saving hard for her son and her old age. From our point ofview, she is really a nut. But from her's, what is wrong with her behaviour? The toiletries in the hotel room are already included in the room tariff. She didn't steal or rob. She invited her guests for her son's wedding celebration was mainly to recoup her expenses of about ten thousand dollars spent to get her son a wife. When we have spent a lot of money, didn't we think of working harder or other ways to recoup the money spent?

These are all about PERCEPTIONS.

The Sun is OUT

We have many days of wet weather. Wet weather certainly has some impacts on our life. We would get wet in one way or another, even if we have the biggest umbrella. Cars crawl on the roads as they move slowly and carefully to avoid any accidents.

Many people would prefer to stay in-doors to remain dry. Business is likely to be affected. Our washed clothes can't be dried completely without the hot sun. Our electricity bills likely to go up because we need to switch on the heater during our daily showers.

BUT on Saturday, I saw the hot sun shinning on us. I felt happy to see the familiar hot sun. Ok, I prefer a hot weather than a cold, wet and dull weather.

A Sea of RED

Almost everyday, I see a sea of RED in worldwide stock indices. If I say that I feel nothing, then I am lying.

I recalled some months before year 2007 ended, my best friend told me proudly that his profit from stocks has rose to 20k. Recently I met him and he lamented that he has lost 20k within 2 months! His tidy profit has been wiped out during the recent huge selling off.

What can we do? Or can we do anything? Nothing much!

We can only continue to
(1) invest in low-cost well diversified funds and
(2) invest for long-term, so that the good and bad years can be averaged out.

I adopted this method. I invest a small portion of my salary monthly into some funds. Although they are not doing well now, this is an opportunity to buy funds at a lower price as compared to last year's. What goes up will comes down, and what goes down would eventually comes up. So the markets would eventually rise and I would be able to accummulate a handsome profit when I retire in 20 years later.

If you have any queries on insurance and investment matters, please feel free to email rogerlcf@aia.com.sg or call 90887946 for a non-obligation consultation.

Wednesday, March 12, 2008

Other Historic Sites

Due to time constraint and wet weather, (1) MacDonald House located next to Dhoby Ghaut MRT station which suffered probably the first terrorists' attack in year 1965, (2) Civilian War Memorial Park and (3) Lim Bo Seng Memorial Monument were only managed to view them on the coach.

I am very sure I will visit these places again when the weather gets better. As a Singaporean, we need to know more about our history other than Sir Stamford Raffles.

Fort Canning Hill

There was a break in the heavy showers and I managed to do some walking around Fort Canning Hill. The walk into The Battle Box was quite an experience and allowed me to understand more on Singapore's history.

I was thinking if the British army did not face various hurdles such as shortage of water and food supplies, shortage of fuel and resources etc, and didn't surrender to the Japanese army, maybe the history of Singapore would be different. The 3 years and 8 months (between year 1942 and 1945) during the Japanese occupation was the darkest period in Singapore history. It is also due to this lesson that we need to build up our defence and defend ourselves. There is a wise saying "If you can't defend it, you can't hold it for long".

Do visit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Canning for a better description on this place.

Civil Defence Heritage Gallery

Today was a terrible day for outing. My lesson on Heritage Trail could not be postpone. I have to walk in heavy showers with occasional thunder to various historic sites in Singapore.

How many of you have been to Civil Defence Heritage Gallery?

This Gallery is located at Central Fire Station; just opposute Funan IT centre. It is one of the few places of attraction which has FREE admission. There are two storeys. On the ground or first floor, both adults and children would enjoy viewing the vintage items. On the second floor, there are some dos and don''ts during lightning, fire etc. In particular, there was a display on the urban search and rescue team which was involved in the collapse of Hotel New World many, many years ago. I was still quite young during that time. But till now, I can still remember this tragedy which shocked the whole island.

When time permits, do make a trip there to learn more about Singapore's Civil Defence before heading to Funan Centre for more computer gadgets.

For more info, you can visit www.scdf.gov.sg/General/About_Us/CD_Heritage_Gallery/introduction.html

Tuesday, March 11, 2008

Bungerstar's Money Saving Tips

Most of us have our lunch near our workplace. During the lunchtime, besides wasting time standing in the long queues in the food-court, the cost of a plate of rice or noodles is easily $4.00, excluding a cup of coffee or tea or a can of soft-drink or some fruits. The cost of almost everything is on the rise. How can we eat well and at the same time save some money?

Here are some simple tips which I do often:
1) Bring your own water bottle. We used to do it when we were kids. Water is the best drink.

2) If you really crave for a can of soft-drink, buy some from the supermarkets during your grocery trip and bring some cans to your office. The cost of a can is probably $0.70 in the supermarket. A similar can of soft-drink with a cup plus some ice in the food-court easily costs $1.20.

3) For fruits, buy some apples or a small bunch of grapes from the supermarkets during your grocery trip and bring some to your office. You can be assured that the fruits are thoroughly washed (by you) before popping them into your mouth.

4) Eat fried rice: Save a portion of rice from the dinner. Before you leave for work in the morning, add shredded cabbage or vegetables, an egg, mixed vegetables and some minced meat to the rice in the wok. Fry the whole mixture and put it into a micro-safe tupperware. During lunch-time, warm up your rice and you will have a healthy and cheap meal.

5) Sandwich / Salad: If you are not that keen to use your wok, prepare a simple sandwich or salad. The ingredients include: bread and ham of your choice, some slices of tomatoes, cheese, lettuce, celery etc .

My mouth is drooling now...

Myriapoda

From Wikipedia:
Millipedes, centipedes etc belong to the family of Myriapoda. They range from having over 750 legs ro having fewer than 10 legs. They have a single pair of antennae and simple eyes.

Myriapods are most abundant in moist forest, where they fulfil an important role in breaking down decaying plant material, although a few live in grasslands, semi-arid habitats or even deserts.

The majority are herbivorous, with the exception of centipedes, which are chiefly nocturnal predators.

Arachinids

From Wikipedia:
Do you know that spiders are not insects?

Spiders belong to Arachnids which are a class of joint-legged invertebrate animals.
Arachnids have four pairs of legs and they may be easily distinguished from insects since the latter have 3 pairs of legs.

Arachnids are further distinguished by the fact they have no antennae and no wings. They are mostly carnivores, feeding on the pre-digested bodies of insects and other small animals.

Arachnids usually lay eggs, which hatch into immatures that resemble adults.

Monday, March 10, 2008

The Giant Tortise


Look at the hard shell of this Giant Tortise. I can't imagine carrying a hard shell for my whole life. I am amazed that it can crawl quite fast towards its food - green leave.

NB: I took the picture in Singapore Zoological Garden.

Malayan Flying Fox


The Malayan Flying Fox or fruit bat is the only mammal that can fly. Let us recall what are mammals. They are warm-blooded animals and the females have milk for their youngs.
These bats are feasting on the juicy red water-melon.
I can't imagine remaining upside down for most of the time. Or these bats are wondering why we like to remain upside down?

NB: I took the picture in Singapore Zoological Garden.

White Tigers


There are three rare white tigers in Singapore Zoological Garden. A tiger usually attacks its prey at its neck; either snap it or suffocate it before it starts feasting on it.

NB: I took the picture in Singapore Zoological Garden.

Carribean Manatees


These Carribean Manatees live amicably with the penguins and pelicans. I am surprised to learn that these manatees or sea cows are hoofed animals and related to elephants. There are no typo errors and you can verify this at the Singapore Zoo.

A manatee who swims and eat fish is a hoofed animal? This is simply amazing!

NB: I took the picture in Singapore Zoological Garden.

Friday, March 07, 2008

Hobbits Existed?

HONG KONG (Reuters) - Small human-like skeletons found in a cave on a remote Indonesian island were actually human and their miniature features probably due to nutritional deficiency, some researchers in Australia say.

Writing in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, the scientists said these were more likely to be cretin offspring of normal mothers who suffered from iodine and other dietary deficiencies.

Cretinism is a condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth due to a congenital deficiency of thyroid hormones.

"We believe they were homosapiens but with this disorder ... cretins born without the thyroid gland," said Peter Obendorf of the School of Applied Sciences at RMIT University in Melbourne.

"The mothers would be iodine and selenium deficient and would be exposed to certain plant food that would release cyanide into the body," he said in a telephone interview.

Obendorf said the fossils were found inland, where their communities were cut off from seafood, a key source of iodine.

They probably relied on bamboo shoots and certain tubers, which could have released cyanide into their bodies given the primitive cooking methods they were using.

These plants are still found in forests in Flores.

"When there's a drought, people utilise them. In modern times, they are cooked better," he said.

In recent years, other groups of scientists have put forward their hypotheses regarding these fossils, discovered in 2004 in Liang Bua on Flores island. The remains are estimated to date back some 15,000 to 18,000 years ago.

Some said they probably were 3-feet tall and had brains roughly the size of grapefruits when they were alive, and classified them as new species of human "Homo floresciensis".

But Obendorf and his colleagues believe they were cretin offspring of normal parents.

"We think the population was normal, but many of the women had goitre. In the middle of a drought, some were forced to eat unsuitable food ... and they had cretin children," Obendorf said.

The researchers said certain structures of the fossils, such as the armbone, matched descriptions contained in medical literature of cretin skeletons found in Europe, especially Germany and Switzerland.

"The dwarf cretins in Europe have just the same structural rotation of the armbone," Obendorf said.

(source:uk.news.yahoo.com/rtrs/20080305/tod-uk-dwarfs-indonesia-b7e5c6f.html)

My Comments:
Any fans of Lord Of The Ring? Despite their sizes, the 4 brave hobbits completed the mission!

Glaucoma screening

A YEAR after he was diagnosed with glaucoma in 2005,Mr Chua Ni Yoke, 51, gave up his job as an information technology project manager to sell health supplements.

Staring at the computer screen 15 hours a day left his eyes tired, and he feared it would hasten his vision loss - a prospect that many people with glaucoma face.

He said: 'It's like waiting to go blind. I decided I needed to go on a lower gear, to prolong the time I have left.'

A support group, the Glaucoma Patients Association of Singapore, was set up four months ago to help patients like Mr Chua cope with the disease. It now counts more than 80 patients and caregivers as its members.

The association and the National University Hospital will hold a forum at the Central mall in Eu Tong Sen Street on Saturday, as part of events to mark the first World Glaucoma Day, which is today.

About 3.2 per cent of those over 40 here have glaucoma. As the population ages, more people are expected to be hit, said Dr Steve Seah, organising chairman of the events.

Glaucoma occurs when the optic nerve at the back of the eye is damaged, causing loss of vision and blindness.

Smokers, diabetics and the elderly are at higher risk. There is no cure for now, but early detection means patients can be given eye drops or can undergo surgery to stave off vision loss.

This month, eye clinics and optical outlets will hold free talks and $5 eye screenings, which can cost up to $80 at private specialist clinics.

The organisers aim to encourage people over 40 to have their eyes checked, as there are often no symptoms before the disease hits.

Those interested can register with Alexandra, Changi General, National University and Tan Tock Seng hospitals; Singapore National Eye, Excellence Eye and Jurong Medical centres; Eye Clinic Singapura, Chua Eye Surgery and Singapore Polytechnic Optometry Centre.

(source: The Straits Times 6th Mar 2008)

My Comments:
I called up Jurong Medical Centre and Alexandra Hospital in the morning of 7th Mar. I was told "sorry, all fully booked".

Wednesday, March 05, 2008

My Green Bean Pod Withers


I mentioned in February that my green bean plant bears a flower which later became a fruit. The fruit (pod) has gradually withered. I plucked it and found only 2 green beans inside the pod. What a disappointment! I planted a green bean and now I have 2 green beans after about 3 months. This is surely a lousy deal!
Anyway, the experience to witness the life cycle of a green bean plant is enriching. My green bean plant does not seem to grow well anymore. Perhaps it is reaching The End.

Tuesday, March 04, 2008

Khaw reveals income tiers for means testing


Khaw reveals income tiers for means testing ALL Singaporeans who earn below $3,200 a month will continue to enjoy full subsidies from the Government when they are hospitalised in class B2 or C wards in public hospitals. Health Minister Khaw Boon Wan revealed the parameters for means testing on Monday after months of dialogues with Singaporeans and stakeholders. For someone with a monthly income of $3,200 and below, 80 per cent of his bill will be subsidised if he stays in a Class C ward and 65 per cent if he chooses Class B2. The subsidy decreases as your personal income increases. (See table) At the highest end, patients with a monthly income of $5,201 and above will still receive 65 per cent in subsidies in a Class C ward and 50 per cent in Class B2. All those with no income, such as housewives, retirees and children, living in HDB flats or in properties with annual values of $11,000 or less, will also get the full subsidy. This new criteria will be implemented in all public hospital from January next year. Mr Khaw explained that means testing is needed so that the bottom 20 to 30 per cent of Singaporeans can cope with rising healthcare costs through heavy subsidies in the Class B2 and C wards. He said that last year, direct subsidy for this group of patients was $1.5 billion and this will likely go up to $1.7 billion this year.

Coping with healthcare inflation
He also noted that in the past one year healthcare inflation in Singapore was a high 7.4 per cent. Mr Khaw hoped that means testing will create a greater awareness on the part of Singaporeans to subscribe to MediShield, and that those who earn more should top it up with a rider so that they can have access to higher class wards. This is so that they will not need to use Class B2 or C wards and compete with low-income patients for resources. Nominated MP Siew Kum Hong had earlier suggested that very needy patient should receive more than 80 per cent subsidy. To this, Mr Khaw replied that that many who cannot afford the current Class C subsidy get further assistance through MediFund, and some already end up paying nothing. Why use personal, not household, income? Implementation details for means testing is being worked out but Mr Khaw expressed confidence that it can be automated and hassle-free. Mr Khaw also explained why he chose to use personal income rather than per capita household income. 'I agreed with Madam Ho and Mr Siew Kum Hong that the latter is a better gauge of financial ability, but implementing such a scheme will be very costly and intrusive to every patient, given the large volume of admissions and short stays in public hospitals.' But Mr Khaw assured Singaporeans that if they feel that the simplified approach has treated them unfairly, a thorough means test will be conducted upon their appeal.

(source:
http://www.straitstimes.com/print/Latest%2BNews/Singapore/STIStory_212749.html )

My Comments:
Finally the means testing will be kicking in from Jan 2009. The basic idea is to give subsidy to the needy (ie poorer) folks. If you belong to the lower income group, you will enjoy some financial help. If you belong to the middle or higher income group, you will enjoy lesser or none financial assistance. An insurance plan can help to fill this gap.

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Monday, March 03, 2008

Pain From Rising Costs

I am feeling the pain from rising costs.
I went to the market on Sunday.
1) The price of a plate of plain bee-hoon went up from seventy cents to eighty cents. The amount of bee-hoon served remained the same if not slightly lesser.
2) Eight pieces of "yong tou fu" used to cost $1 and now is seven pieces for $1. The fish paste in them seemed reduced.
3) The price of freshly served roti prata went up from sixty cents to seventy cents. The size of the prata has shrunked.

My salary: remains the same!